Nonwoven fabrics ar a kind of fabric formed without spinning and weaving, only the textile short fibers or filaments are oriented or randomly propped up to form a fiber network structure, and then reinforced by mechanical, thermal bonding or chemical methods.
Nonwoven fabric breaks through the traditional textile principle and has the characteristics of short process, fast production speed, high yield, low cost, wide application and many sources of raw materials.
The Following Of The Uses Of Nonwoven Fabrics
Its main uses can be broadly divided into.
(1) Medical and sanitary nonwoven fabrics: surgical gowns, protective clothing, disinfection wraps, masks, diapers, civil wipes, wiping cloths, wet face towels, magic towels, soft towel rolls, beauty products, sanitary napkins, sanitary pads and disposable sanitary cloths, etc.
(2) Non-woven fabrics for home decoration: wall coverings, tablecloths, bed sheets, bedspreads, etc.
(3)Nonwoven fabric for garment: lining, adhesive lining, flocking, shaping cotton, various synthetic leather backing, etc.
(4) Nonwoven fabrics for industrial use; filter materials, insulation materials, cement packaging bags, geotextiles, coverings, etc.
(5) Agricultural nonwoven fabrics: crop protection cloth, rice planting cloth, irrigation cloth, insulation curtain, etc.
(6) Other nonwoven fabrics: space cotton, thermal insulation materials, oil-absorbing felt, cigarette filters, bagged tea bags, etc. Uniform textiles for the final application occasions, poor targeting.
Nonwoven technology is a material processing technology that originates from textile, but goes beyond textile. Different nonwoven process technologies have their own corresponding process principles. But from a macro point of view, the basic principles of nonwoven technology are consistent and can be described by its process, which can be generally divided into the following four processes: (1) fiber preparation; (2) web formation; (3) reinforcement; (4) finishing
Brief History Of The Development Of Nonwoven Materials.
The first stage: early 1940s ~ mid-1950s, the budding period. Equipment mostly using off-the-shelf textile equipment, or appropriate for some transformation, using natural fibers.
The second stage: late 50s ~ late 60s, commercial production. Mainly dry technology and wet technology, using a large number of chemical fibers.
The third stage: early 70s ~ late 80s, an important period of development. The polymerization method extrusion method complete production line was born. Use of various special chemical fibers. Such as low melting point fibers, hot bonded fibers, bi-component fibers, microfiber, etc.
Phase IV: Early 1990s to present, the period of global development. Nonwoven enterprises strengthen the trend of mergers, unions and reorganization, with more advanced technology, better equipment and significantly increased production capacity. Thus, there are more and more non woven machines with new development.
Reasons For The Development Of Nonwoven Materials.
1. The complexity of traditional textile processes and equipment and rising production costs prompted the search for new technologies.
2. The increasing amount of offcuts from the textile industry needs to be utilized.
3. The rapid development of the chemical fiber industry has provided abundant raw materials for the development of nonwoven technology and broadened the possibilities of product development.
4. Many traditional textiles are poorly targeted to the final application.
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Nonwoven Fabrics Can Be Classified According To The Different Production Processes
1、Spunlace nonwoven: High-pressure micro-fine water is sprayed onto one or more layers of fiber webs, so that the fibers are entangled with each other and the web is reinforced with certain strength.
2、Thermal nonwoven fabric: It means adding fibrous or powdered hot melt bonding reinforcing material to the fiber web, and then the fiber web is heated and melted and cooled to reinforce the cloth.
3, pulp airflow into the network of non-woven fabrics: can also be called dust-free paper, dry paper non-woven. It is the use of airflow into the network technology to open the wood pulp fiber board into a single fiber state, and then use the airflow method to make fiber agglomeration in the formation of network curtain, fiber network and then reinforced into cloth.
4、Wet nonwoven fabric: It is to open the fiber raw materials placed in aqueous medium into single fiber, and at the same time make different fiber raw materials mixed to make fiber suspension pulp, the suspension pulp is transported to the web formation mechanism, and the fiber is formed into web in wet state and then reinforced into cloth.
5、Spunbond nonwoven fabric: After the polymer has been extruded and stretched to form continuous filament, the filament is laid into a web, and the fiber web is then bonded by itself, thermally bonded, chemically bonded or mechanically reinforced, so that the fiber web becomes a nonwoven fabric.
6、Meltblown nonwoven fabric: its process: polymer feeding --- melt extrusion --- fiber formation --- fiber cooling --- web formation --- reinforcement into cloth.
7、Needle-punched nonwoven fabric: It is a kind of dry nonwoven fabric. Needle-punched nonwoven fabric uses the piercing effect of needles to reinforce the fluffy fiber network into cloth.
8、Sewn nonwoven fabric: It is a kind of dry nonwoven fabric. Sewn knitting method is to use the warp knitting coil structure to reinforce the fiber network, yarn layer, non-textile materials (such as plastic sheet, plastic thin metal foil, etc.) or their combination to make nonwoven fabric.